23rd meridian east
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The meridian 23° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
The 23rd meridian east forms a great circle with the 157th meridian west.
From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 23rd meridian east passes through:
Co-ordinates Country, territory or sea Notes 90°0′N 23°0′E / 90.000°N 23.000°E / 90.000; 23.000 (Arctic Ocean) Arctic Ocean 80°27′N 23°0′E / 80.450°N 23.000°E / 80.450; 23.000 (Norway) Norway
Island of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard 79°16′N 23°0′E / 79.267°N 23.000°E / 79.267; 23.000 (Barents Sea) Barents Sea 78°13′N 23°0′E / 78.217°N 23.000°E / 78.217; 23.000 (Norway) Norway
Island of Edgeøya, Svalbard 77°18′N 23°0′E / 77.300°N 23.000°E / 77.300; 23.000 (Barents Sea) Barents Sea 72°25′N 23°0′E / 72.417°N 23.000°E / 72.417; 23.000 (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean Norwegian Sea 70°51′N 23°0′E / 70.850°N 23.000°E / 70.850; 23.000 (Norway) Norway
Islands of Sørøya, Seiland, Stjernøya and the mainland 68°42′N 23°0′E / 68.700°N 23.000°E / 68.700; 23.000 (Finland) Finland
68°19′N 23°0′E / 68.317°N 23.000°E / 68.317; 23.000 (Sweden) Sweden
65°45′N 23°0′E / 65.750°N 23.000°E / 65.750; 23.000 (Baltic Sea) Baltic Sea Gulf of Bothnia 63°49′N 23°0′E / 63.817°N 23.000°E / 63.817; 23.000 (Finland) Finland
59°50′N 23°0′E / 59.833°N 23.000°E / 59.833; 23.000 (Baltic Sea) Baltic Sea 58°55′N 23°0′E / 58.917°N 23.000°E / 58.917; 23.000 (Estonia) Estonia
Island of Hiiumaa 58°50′N 23°0′E / 58.833°N 23.000°E / 58.833; 23.000 (Baltic Sea) Baltic Sea Kassaare Bay 58°36′N 23°0′E / 58.600°N 23.000°E / 58.600; 23.000 (Estonia) Estonia
Island of Saaremaa 58°21′N 23°0′E / 58.350°N 23.000°E / 58.350; 23.000 (Baltic Sea) Baltic Sea Gulf of Riga - passing just west of the island of Ruhnu, Estonia
57°24′N 23°0′E / 57.400°N 23.000°E / 57.400; 23.000 (Latvia) Latvia
56°24′N 23°0′E / 56.400°N 23.000°E / 56.400; 23.000 (Lithuania) Lithuania
54°22′N 23°0′E / 54.367°N 23.000°E / 54.367; 23.000 (Poland) Poland
Passing just west of Białystok 49°51′N 23°0′E / 49.850°N 23.000°E / 49.850; 23.000 (Ukraine) Ukraine
Lviv Oblast — passing just west of Sambir
Zakarpattia Oblast — passing just east of Mukacheve48°0′N 23°0′E / 48.000°N 23.000°E / 48.000; 23.000 (Romania) Romania
44°6′N 23°0′E / 44.100°N 23.000°E / 44.100; 23.000 (Bulgaria) Bulgaria
For about 9 km 44°1′N 23°0′E / 44.017°N 23.000°E / 44.017; 23.000 (Romania) Romania
43°49′N 23°0′E / 43.817°N 23.000°E / 43.817; 23.000 (Bulgaria) Bulgaria
43°12′N 23°0′E / 43.200°N 23.000°E / 43.200; 23.000 (Serbia) Serbia
For about 7 km - easternmost point of the country 43°9′N 23°0′E / 43.150°N 23.000°E / 43.150; 23.000 (Bulgaria) Bulgaria
41°47′N 23°0′E / 41.783°N 23.000°E / 41.783; 23.000 (North Macedonia) North Macedonia
For about 10 km - easternmost point of the country 41°41′N 23°0′E / 41.683°N 23.000°E / 41.683; 23.000 (Bulgaria) Bulgaria
41°20′N 23°0′E / 41.333°N 23.000°E / 41.333; 23.000 (Greece) Greece
40°22′N 23°0′E / 40.367°N 23.000°E / 40.367; 23.000 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Aegean Sea 39°33′N 23°0′E / 39.550°N 23.000°E / 39.550; 23.000 (Greece) Greece
39°21′N 23°0′E / 39.350°N 23.000°E / 39.350; 23.000 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Pagasetic Gulf, Aegean Sea 39°1′N 23°0′E / 39.017°N 23.000°E / 39.017; 23.000 (Greece) Greece
Mainland and island of Euboea 38°53′N 23°0′E / 38.883°N 23.000°E / 38.883; 23.000 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Euripus Strait, Aegean Sea 38°45′N 23°0′E / 38.750°N 23.000°E / 38.750; 23.000 (Greece) Greece
38°13′N 23°0′E / 38.217°N 23.000°E / 38.217; 23.000 (Alkyonides Gulf) Alkyonides Gulf 38°4′N 23°0′E / 38.067°N 23.000°E / 38.067; 23.000 (Greece) Greece
Peloponnese 37°29′N 23°0′E / 37.483°N 23.000°E / 37.483; 23.000 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Argolic Gulf, Aegean Sea 37°2′N 23°0′E / 37.033°N 23.000°E / 37.033; 23.000 (Greece) Greece
Peloponnese 36°31′N 23°0′E / 36.517°N 23.000°E / 36.517; 23.000 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea 36°19′N 23°0′E / 36.317°N 23.000°E / 36.317; 23.000 (Greece) Greece
Island of Kythira 36°9′N 23°0′E / 36.150°N 23.000°E / 36.150; 23.000 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea 32°39′N 23°0′E / 32.650°N 23.000°E / 32.650; 23.000 (Libya) Libya
20°1′N 23°0′E / 20.017°N 23.000°E / 20.017; 23.000 (Chad) Chad
15°35′N 23°0′E / 15.583°N 23.000°E / 15.583; 23.000 (Sudan) Sudan
10°43′N 23°0′E / 10.717°N 23.000°E / 10.717; 23.000 (Central African Republic) Central African Republic
4°47′N 23°0′E / 4.783°N 23.000°E / 4.783; 23.000 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Democratic Republic of the Congo
11°6′S 23°0′E / 11.100°S 23.000°E / -11.100; 23.000 (Angola) Angola
13°0′S 23°0′E / 13.000°S 23.000°E / -13.000; 23.000 (Zambia) Zambia
17°17′S 23°0′E / 17.283°S 23.000°E / -17.283; 23.000 (Angola) Angola
17°43′S 23°0′E / 17.717°S 23.000°E / -17.717; 23.000 (Namibia) Namibia
Caprivi Strip 18°1′S 23°0′E / 18.017°S 23.000°E / -18.017; 23.000 (Botswana) Botswana
25°20′S 23°0′E / 25.333°S 23.000°E / -25.333; 23.000 (South Africa) South Africa
North West
Northern Cape
Western Cape
Eastern Cape
Western Cape34°4′S 23°0′E / 34.067°S 23.000°E / -34.067; 23.000 (Indian Ocean) Indian Ocean 60°0′S 23°0′E / 60.000°S 23.000°E / -60.000; 23.000 (Southern Ocean) Southern Ocean 70°6′S 23°0′E / 70.100°S 23.000°E / -70.100; 23.000 (Antarctica) Antarctica Queen Maud Land, claimed by Norway
Meridian 22.5° East
Meridian 22.5° East crosses most countries (sovereign states) from all meridians: 26 in total. When Svalbard (in the North) and Antarctica (in the South) are added it crosses 28 territories.
From North to South: Norway, Finland, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia (Kaliningrad), Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Greece, Libya, Chad, Sudan, Central African Republic, Congo Democratic Republic, Angola, Zambia, Namibia, Botswana and South Africa.
The line could be drawn from Tappeluft in Norway (the most northern town on mainland on this meridian) to George in South Africa (the most southern city on this meridian) which is 11,573 km. It crosses also Turku in Finland. Meridian 22° East misses Ukraine and Bulgaria and Meridian 23° East misses Russia (Kaliningrad), Slovakia and Hungary. Halfway both meridians, on 22.5° EL, those missing countries are on the line.
See also
References
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