COVID-19 pandemic in Andhra Pradesh

COVID-19 pandemic in Andhra pradesh
Disease	COVID-19
Virus strain	SARS-CoV-2
Location	Andhra pradesh, India
First outbreak	Wuhan, China
Index case	Nellore
Arrival date	12 March 2020 (4 years, 1 month, 2 weeks and 5 days)
Confirmed cases	1,518,247 As of 20 May 2021[update]
Active cases	209,134 As of 20 May 2021[update]
Recovered	1,299,313 As of 20 May 2021[update]
Deaths	9,800 As of 20 May 2021[update]
Fatality rate	0.2%
Government website
hmfw.ap.gov.in

The first case of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh was reported in Nellore on 12 March 2020. A 24-year-old who was confirmed positive for coronavirus. He had travel history to Italy.^[1] The Andhra Pradesh Health department has confirmed a total of 5,37,687 cases, including 4,702 deaths and 4,35,467 recoveries, as of 10 September.^[2] The virus has spread in 13 districts of the state, of which East Godavari has the highest number of cases.^[2][3]

Cases

By districts, Other Countries, Other States

Testing

According to Deccan Herald, Andhra Pradesh has the highest number of COVID-19 tests conducted per million population.^[4]

Genetic Epidemiology

Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in the state suggested that the circulating SARS-CoV-2 in Andhra Pradesh majorly clustered under the clade A2a (20A, 20B and 20C) (94%), whereas 6% fall under the I/A3i clade,^[5] a clade previously defined to be present in large numbers in India.^[6]

Containment Strategy

The state has defined its containment cluster in urban areas to encompass 3 km radius, from the location where the COVID-19 positive case is detected. An additional 2 km radius beyond this containment area would be treated as a buffer zone in urban areas, whereas, this buffer radius would extend to 4 km, for the rural areas.^[8]

Public Health Strategies

Door to Door survey

On March 10, Andhra state government started a two-day door-to door survey to identify people who had recently traveled to COVID-19 affected countries. This was carried out through a network of ASHA workers, Auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM), village and ward volunteers.^[9] Until 19 April, 32,000 people were identified with influenza like symptoms in the process.^[10][11]

Risk Communication and Community Engagement

RCCE (Risk Communication and Community Engagement) strategy was adapted with the support of UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund), to reach training and awareness on Covid-appropriate behaviour to 1.06 crore households. A month-long mask campaign #MaaskeKavacham has also been initiated for 95% mask utilisation in urban and rural areas.^[12]

Intelligent Monitoring Analysis Services Quarantine (I-MASQ)

The Andhra Pradesh government launched mobile testing centers around the end of May, which operate from government buses converted into testing facilities. These mobile centers have been parked at key areas of public transit such as railway stations and airports. The test samples collected from these centers produce results within 48 hours from collection. The samples are managed by the government health department and the test subjects are required to produce an ID proof and Aadhaar number. If the test subjects are passengers who have been travelling, then they also need to provide their PNR/flight numbers to the health officers there.^[13]

Social Distancing Measures

Closure of Public places

1. The government of Andhra Pradesh began closing its public spaces on March 18 and 19. These included, educational institutions and non-essential commercial places like cinema halls, gyms, malls, and swimming pools.^[14]
2. This was followed by a complete state-wide lock down announced on the March 22. Both of these restrictions were to be followed until the March 31, 2020.^[14]
3. A national 21 day lock-down was imposed by the center starting March 25, 2020.^[15]

Quarantine facility

The Health, Medical and Family Welfare department of Andhra Pradesh directed all District collectors to establish quarantine centers at district level with 200 beds and constituency level with 100 beds each.^[16] By March 25, all district hospitals in the state were instructed by the Health department of Andhra Pradesh, to set up isolation wards.^[17] The state, on 31 March, identified dedicated COVID-19 hospitals- 4 at state and 13 at district level.^[14]

Aid Provision

Door to door service for Ration Card Holders

On 25 March 2020, through its village volunteers, the state distributed 1 kg red gram and April's quota of rice, to all its ration card holders.^[18] This service was provided door-to door followed by the hand-out of Rs1000 - one time monetary assistance - on 4 April 2020, to these households.^[19] This monetary assistance was aimed to provide assistance to around 30 lakh families at a scheme cost of Rs. 1300 crore.^[20]

Setup of Special Shelter Centers

On 31 March 2020, all district administration in Andhra Pradesh were directed by the state government to prepare shelter with lodging and boarding services for migrant labors and homeless.^[21] These shelters were to be managed by individual 'Nodal Officer', appointed by the District Collector or Municipal Commissioner. The state also mandated Rapid Health checkup of all residents by an Auxiliary Nurse Mid-Wife (ANM) of Primary Health and Surveillance Team.^[14]

See also

• Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India
• COVID-19 pandemic in India
• Eluru outbreak

References