José Plácido Caamaño
José María Plácido Caamaño | |
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12th President of Ecuador | |
In office 10 February 1884 – 30 June 1888 | |
Vice President | Rafael Pérez Pareja Agustín Guerrero Lizarzaburu Pedro José Cevallos |
Preceded by | Himself (as Interim President) |
Succeeded by | Pedro José Cevallos |
Ecuadorian Ambassador to United States | |
Preceded by | ? |
Succeeded by | Antonio Flores Jijón |
Interim President of Ecuador | |
In office 15 October 1883 – 10 February 1884 | |
Preceded by | Ramón Borrero y Cortázar |
Succeeded by | Himself (as President) |
Personal details | |
Born | (1837-10-05)5 October 1837 Guayaquil, Ecuador |
Died | 31 December 1900(1900-12-31) (aged 63) Seville, Spain |
Other political affiliations | Progresista Faction |
Occupation | Diplomat |
José María Plácido Caamaño y Gómez-Cornejo (5 October 1837 – 31 December 1900) was an Ecuadorian diplomat and served as President of Ecuador 23 November 1883 to 1 July 1888.[1][2]
Caamaño was born in Guayaquil. He was the grandson of Spanish explorer Jacinto Caamaño. He studied law and theology in the seminary of his native city, and was educated in Quito. Subsequently, he was mayor of Guayaquil, and chief of the custom-house service. He was a member of the Progresista faction,[3] a liberal Catholic party. Caamaño was also a conservative. The unity between the Conservatives and Liberals was achieved during the War of the Restoration but it was short-lived.[4] President Antonio Flores tried to end the conflict between Conservatives and Liberals by creating a moderate Republican Party. Ecuador then had political stability for 12 years, but the conservatism and moderation gave way to the Liberal Revolution of 1895.[4]
He was banished in 1882, went to Lima, organized a revolutionary expedition with which he left Callao on 14 April 1883, and landed in Ecuadorian territory three days afterwards. He organized a division and joined the forces that were besieging Guayaquil about the middle of May. The place was taken by storm by the combined forces under Caamaño, Sarasti, Alfaro, and Salazar. The Progresistas came to power.
A provisional government was appointed until the national convention could meet, and on 11 October 1883 he was elected president ad interim. He was finally proclaimed President of the Republic on 17 February 1884.
An attempt was made to assassinate him in 1886, and he narrowly escaped death by throwing himself into a river.
Under his administration telegraphs, railways, an institute of sciences, several colleges, and many new schools were added to the resources of Ecuador.
After his term ended, he served as ambassador to the US from 1889 to 1890.
References
- ^ Sabastian, Stephen (2013). Shaping the Western Hemisphere-Student Edition. Lulu Press Inc. ISBN 9781300596530.
- ^ De Graçia, John V. (18 June 1985). Heads of State and Government (1st ed.). Palgrave Macmillian UK. p. 62. ISBN 9781349079995.
- ^ Hurtado, Osvaldo (26 June 2019). Political Power in Ecuador. Translated by Nills, Nick D. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781000307290.
- ^ a b Lauderbaugh, George (25 February 2012). History of Ecuador. ABC-CLIO. p. 76. ISBN 9780313362514.
External links
- Official website of the Ecuadorian Government about the country's President's history[permanent dead link]
Political offices | ||
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Preceded by | President of Ecuador 1883-1888 | Succeeded by |
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- Juan José Flores
- Vicente Rocafuerte
- Juan José Flores
- José Joaquín de Olmedo
- Vicente Ramón Roca
- Manuel de Ascásubi
- Diego Noboa
- José María Urvina
- Francisco Robles
- Gabriel García Moreno
- Rafael Carvajal
- Jerónimo Carrión
- Pedro José de Arteta
- Javier Espinosa
- Gabriel García Moreno
- Manuel de Ascásubi
- Gabriel García Moreno
- Francisco León Franco
- José Javier Eguiguren
- Antonio Borrero
- Ignacio de Veintemilla
- Provisional Government
- José María Sarasti
- Luis Cordero Crespo
- Rafael Pérez Pareja
- Agustín Guerrero
- Pedro Ignacio Lizarzaburu
- José Plácido Caamaño
- Pedro José Cevallos
- Antonio Flores Jijón
- Luis Cordero Crespo
- Vicente Lucio Salazar
- Eloy Alfaro
- Leónidas Plaza
- Lizardo García
- Eloy Alfaro
- Carlos Freile Zaldumbide
- Emilio Estrada
- Carlos Freile Zaldumbide
- Francisco Andrade Marín
- Alfredo Baquerizo
- Leónidas Plaza
- Alfredo Baquerizo
- José Luis Tamayo
- Gonzalo Córdova
- First Provisional Government
- Luis Telmo Paz y Miño
- Luis Napoleón Dillon
- Pedro Pablo Garaycoa
- Francisco Gómez de la Torre
- José Rafael Bustamante
- Modesto Larrea Jijón
- Francisco Arízaga Luque
- Moisés Oliva
- Second Provisional Government
- Isidro Ayora
- Luis Larrea Alba
- Alfredo Baquerizo
- Carlos Freile Larrea
- Alberto Guerrero Martínez
- Juan de Dios Martínez
- Abelardo Montalvo
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Antonio Pons
- Federico Páez
- Alberto Enríquez Gallo
- Benigno Andrade Flores
- Manuel María Borrero
- Aurelio Mosquera
- Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río
- Andrés Córdova
- Julio Enrique Moreno
- Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río
- Julio Teodoro Salem
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Carlos Mancheno Cajas
- Mariano Suárez
- Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola
- Galo Plaza
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Camilo Ponce Enríquez
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy
- Military Junta of 1963
- Clemente Yerovi
- Otto Arosemena
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Guillermo Rodríguez
- Supreme Council of Government
- Jaime Roldós Aguilera
- Osvaldo Hurtado
- León Febres Cordero
- Rodrigo Borja Cevallos
- Sixto Durán Ballén
- Abdalá Bucaram
- Rosalía Arteaga
- Fabián Alarcón
- Jamil Mahuad
- Gustavo Noboa
- Lucio Gutiérrez
- Alfredo Palacio
- Rafael Correa
- Lenín Moreno
- Guillermo Lasso
- Daniel Noboa
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