Santiago de Vera
Santiago de Vera | |
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6th Governor and Captain-General of the Philippines | |
In office May 16, 1584 – May 1590 | |
Monarch | Philip II of Spain |
Governor | (Viceroy of New Spain) Luis de Villanueva y Zapata Pedro Moya de Contreras Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga, 1st Marquess of Villamanrique Luis de Velasco, 1st Marquess of Salinas |
Preceded by | Diego Ronquillo |
Succeeded by | Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas |
Signature | |
Santiago de Vera was a native of Alcalá de Henares, Spain and the sixth Spanish governor of the Philippines, from May 16, 1584, until May 1590.[1]: 286–287
Governorship
Governor Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa and Domingo de Salazar, the first bishop of Manila, had requested the King of Spain to establish the Supreme Court of the Philippines then called the Audiencia, to settle disputes between the Church and State. In 1584, three judges arrived from Mexico and started the justice court with De Vera serving as the chief justice.[2]
After the sudden death of Governor Peñalosa, Diego Ronquillo, his nephew became the governor ad interim but was later charged for defalcation in the trust of Peñalosa's estate and was sent back to Spain as a prisoner. As the chief justice of the court, Santiago de Vera succeeded as the governor of the islands on May 16, 1584.[3]: 16
First houses of stone
Following the great fire of Manila on March 19, 1583, which started during the wake of Governor Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa at the San Agustin Church, Santiago de Vera made an order that all construction in Manila should be of stone. It was found that stone could be easily cut near the banks of the Pasig in Guadalupe (now Guadalupe Viejo in Makati) and brought to Manila in boats.
Fort of Nuestra Señora de Guia
He also built the first stone fort of Manila called Nuestra Señora de Guia (Our Lady of Guidance) in 1587 located at the present location of San Diego Bastion (Baluarte de San Diego) at the southwestern corner of Intramuros with plans by a Jesuit named Sedeño. The artillery for this fort was cast by Panday Pira.[2][3]: 299
De Vera also began to dig the moat which surrounded the city. He also built a stone breastwork along the Pasig riverfront. The great wall was not begun till the tenure of Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas.[2]
References
- ^ Blair, Emma Helen & Robertson, James Alexander, eds. (1904). The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898. Vol. 17 of 55 (1609–1616). Historical introduction and additional notes by Edward Gaylord Bourne; additional translations by Henry B. Lathrop. Cleveland, Ohio: Arthur H. Clark Company. ISBN 978-1426486869. OCLC 769945708.
Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century.
- ^ a b c Jernegan, Prescott F. (1905). "A Short History of the Philippines for use in Philippine schools", p. 104. D. Appleton and Company, New York.
- ^ a b Blair, Emma Helen & Robertson, James Alexander, eds. (1903). The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898. Vol. 06 of 55 (1583–1588). Historical introduction and additional notes by Edward Gaylord Bourne. Cleveland, Ohio: Arthur H. Clark Company. ISBN 978-0554338217. OCLC 769945230.
Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century.
Political offices | ||
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Preceded by | Governor and Captain-General of the Philippines 1584–1590 | Succeeded by |
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Viceroyalty of New Spain
(1565–1821)
- Miguel López de Legazpi
- Guido de Lavezaris
- Francisco de Sande
- Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa
- Diego Ronquillo
- Santiago de Vera
- Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas
- Pedro de Rojas
- Luis Pérez Dasmariñas
- Francisco Tello de Guzmán
- Pedro Bravo de Acuña
- Cristóbal Téllez Almazán
- Count of Valle de Orizaba
- Juan de Silva
- Andrés de Alcaraz
- Alonso Fajardo de Tenza
- Jeronimo de Silva
- Fernándo de Silva
- Juan Niño de Tabora
- Lorenzo de Olaso
- Juan Cerezo de Salamanca
- Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera
- Diego Fajardo
- Sabiniano Manrique de Lara
- Diego de Salcedo
- Juan Manuel de la Peña Bonifaz
- Manuel de León
- Francisco Coloma
- Francisco de Montemayor y Mansilla
- Juan de Vargas Hurtado
- Gabriel de Curucealegui
- Alonso de Abella Fuertes
- Fausto Cruzat y Góngora
- Domingo Zabálburu de Echevarri
- Martín de Urzua y Arismendi
- José Torralba
- Fernando Bustamante
- Francisco de la Cuesta
- Toribio de Cossío
- Fernándo Valdés Tamón
- Gaspar de la Torre
- Juan de Arechederra
- Marquis of Brindisi and Ovando
- Pedro Manuel de Arandía
- Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta
- Manuel Rojo
- Simón de Anda
- Francisco Javier de la Torre
- José Antonio Raón
- Simón de Anda
- Pedro Sarrió
- José Basco
- Pedro Sarrió
- Félix Berenguer de Marquina
- Rafael María de Aguilar
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
- Manuel González de Aguilar
- José de Gardoqui y Jarabeitia
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
(1821–1898)
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
- Juan Antonio Martínez
- Mariano Ricafort
- Pasqual Enrile
- Gabriel de Torres
- Joaquín de Crámer
- Pedro Antonio Salazar
- Andrés García Camba
- Luis Lardizábal
- Marcelino de Oraá Lecumberri
- Francisco de Paula Alcalá de la Torre
- Narciso Clavería
- Antonio María Blanco
- Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo
- Ramón Montero
- Manuel Pavía
- Ramón Montero
- Manuel Crespo
- Ramón Montero
- Fernándo Norzagaray
- Ramón María Solano
- Juan Herrera Dávila
- José Lemery
- Salvador Valdés
- Rafael de Echague
- Joaquín del Solar
- Juan de Lara
- José Laureano de Sanz
- Antonio Osorio y Mallén
- Joaquín del Solar
- José de la Gándara
- Manuel Álvarez-Maldonado y Loriga
- Carlos María de la Torre
- Rafael de Izquierdo
- Manuel MacCrohon
- Juan Alaminos
- Manuel Blanco Valderrama
- Marquis of San Rafael
- Marquis of Oroquieta
- Rafael Rodríguez Arias
- Fernando Primo de Rivera
- Emilio Molíns
- Joaquín Jovellar
- Emilio Molíns
- Emilio Terrero
- Antonio Molto
- Federico Lobaton
- Valeriano Weyler
- Eulogio Despujol
- Federico Ochando
- Ramon Blanco
- Camilo de Polavieja
- José de Lachambre
- Fernando Primo de Rivera
- Basilio Augustín
- Fermín Jáudenes
- Francisco Rizzo
- Diego de los Ríos
Smallcaps indicates an oidor of the Real Audiencia of Manila.
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