Timeline of Odesa
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Odessa, Ukraine.
13th to 17th century
- 1240 – Tatars begin settling herds in the region.
- 1415 – A settlement of Kachibei (Khadjibey, Hacıbey, Kotsiubiyiv) was first mentioned.[1][2][3]
- 15th century – Khadjibey ceded to Lithuania.
- 1529 – Ottoman conquest.[citation needed]
18th century
- 1764 – Fortress Yeni Dünya built at Khadjibey by Turks.[4][5]
- 1789 – Russian forces take fortress.[5]
- 1791 – Khadjibey annexed to Novorossiya.[5]
- 1794 – Odessa founded by decree of Catherine II of Russia.
- 1795
- Population: 2,250.[4]
- Cathedral of the Transfiguration founded.[6]
19th century
- 1802 – Population: 9,000.[7]
- 1803 – Duc de Richelieu in power.
- 1804 – Commercial school founded.[7]
- 1805
- 1808 – Troitzkaya Church active.[6]
- 1809
- 1812 – Plague.[7]
- 1814 – Population: 25,000.[4]
- 1816 – Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron in power.
- 1817 – Richelieu Lyceum established.[8]
- 1819 – Odessa becomes a free port.[9]
- 1821
- Church of the Dormition built.[citation needed]
- Pogrom against Jews.
- 1824 – Odessa becomes "seat of the governors-general of Novorossia and Bessarabia".[4]
- 1825 – Archeological Museum founded.[citation needed]
- 1826
- Fyodor Palen in power.
- Jewish school established.[8]
- Richelieu Monument unveiled.
- 1828 – Imperial Rural Association for Southern Russia founded.[10]
- 1830
- Public library established.[11]
- Vorontsov Palace built.
- 1838 – Plague.[12]
- 1841 – Giant Staircase constructed.
- 1846 - Londonska Hotel opens.[citation needed]
- 1847 – Novobazarnaya Church built.[6]
- 1850 – Population: 100,000.[4]
- 1853
- Crimean War begins.
- Roman Catholic Church rebuilt.[6]
- 1854 – Anglo-French fleet attacks Odessa.
- 1856 – Russian Steam Navigation and Trading Company established.
- 1857 – August 15: Free port status revoked.[9]
- 1859 – Pogrom against Jews.
- 1862
- Odessa Military District established.
- Vorontsov Lighthouse built.
- 1865 – Imperial Novorossiya University established.[4]
- 1866 – Odessa-Balta railway begins operating.[4]
- 1871
- 1873 – Population: 162,814.[13]
- 1874 – Theatre Velikanova built.
- 1875 – Tzar visits Odessa.[6]
- 1876 – Turkish forces attack Odessa.[4]
- 1880 – Horse tramway begins operating.[citation needed]
- 1881
- Steam tramway begins operating.[citation needed]
- Pogrom against Jews.
- 1882 – Population: 217,000.[14]
- 1887 – Theatre built.[15]
- 1894 – Odessa Committee of the Social Democratic Workers Party organized.[16]
- 1895 – St. Panteleimon church consecrated.[citation needed]
- 1897 – Lutheran Church built.[6]
- 1899
- General Post Office built.[6]
- Exchange built.[6]
- Bristol Hotel opens.
- 1900 – Population: 449,673.[4]
20th century
- 1902 – Cadet School active.[6]
- 1905
- June: Potemkin uprising.
- Pogrom against Jews.[16]
- 1906
- 1907 – Myrograph film studio in business.
- 1910
- 1913
- 1917 – City occupied by Ukrainian Tsentral'na Rada, French Army, Red Army, and White Army following the Bolshevik Revolution.[citation needed]
- 1918
- 13 March: Odesa occupied by Central Powers.[19]
- Odesa becomes capital of Odesa Soviet Republic.
- Polytechnic University established.
- December: Odesa occupied by the French Army
- Consulate of Poland opened.[20]
- 1919 – Odesa Film Studio founded.
- 1920 – Red Army in power.
- 1921 – Odesa State Economics University established.
- 1922
- Odesa State Medical Institute established.
- Odesa Zoo opens.
- 1924 – Odesa Philharmonic Theater opens.
- 1926 – State Odesa Russian Drama Theatre established.
- 1928 – Spartak Stadium opens.
- 1933 – School of Stolyarsky established.
- 1935 – Kosior Memorial Stadium built.
- 1936
- The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases & Tissue Therapy founded.
- Dynamo football club formed.
- 1937 – Mass murder of around 1,000 Poles during the Polish Operation of the NKVD.[21]
- 1941
- August 8-October 16: Siege of Odesa.
- October 17: Axis occupation begins.
- October 22–24: 1941 Odesa massacre.
- Odesa becomes capital of Romanian-administered Transnistria Governorate.[citation needed]
- 1944
- April 10: Red Army takes city; Axis occupation ends.
- ODO Odesa football team active.
- Odesa State Maritime Academy founded.
- 1945 – Odesa designated a Hero City of the USSR.
- 1952 – Railway Station rebuilt.
- 1961
- Odesa International Airport built.
- Pushkin Museum opens.
- 1963 – Avangard rugby club formed.
- 1965 – Population: 735,000.[22]
- 1973 – April 10: Humorina festival begins.[23]
- 1979 – Population: 1,072,000.[24]
- 1984 – Deribasivska Street pedestrianized.
- 1985 – Population: 1,126,000.[25]
- 1989 – Outdoor market relocates to Odesa-Ovidiopol highway.
- 1992 – BIPA-Moda basketball club formed.
- 1994
- Eduard Gurwits becomes mayor.
- New music festival begins.[26]
- 1998 – Rouslan Bodelan becomes mayor.
- 1999 – Odesa Numismatics Museum established.
- 2000 – Quarantine Pier designated free economic zone and port.
21st century
- 2001 – Al-Salam Mosque opens.
- 2003 – Rebuilt Odesa Cathedral consecrated.
- 2005 – Eduard Gurwits becomes mayor again.[27]
- 2007 – Pryvoz Market rebuilt.[citation needed]
- 2010 – Odesa International Film Festival begins.
- 2011
- Chornomorets Stadium built.
- FC SKA Odesa formed.
- Aleksey Kostusyev becomes mayor.[28]
- Population: 1,003,705.
- 2014 – 2014 Odesa clashes.[29]
- 2014 – after Crimea annexation by Russia, Odesa become the main naval base of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.[30]
- 2018 – Population: 993,831 (estimate).[31]
- 2022 – Odesa is being constantly shelled by Russian missiles and the Odessa port is blocked.
See also
References
- ^ "ОДЕСІ-600. О.В. Болдирєв : Мемуары об Одессе, проза, поэзия, живопись : Одессика - энциклопедия об Одессе" [ODESA-600. O.V. Boldyrev: Memoirs about Odesa, prose, poetry, painting: Odesa - encyclopedia about Odesa]. odessa.club.com.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Історія Одеси" [History of Odesa] (in Ukrainian). 2 December 2013. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ State Institute of History of Ukraine. "Одеса" [Odesa]. Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine (in Ukraininan) (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Kropotkin & Bealby 1910.
- ^ a b c Murray 1868.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Baedeker 1914.
- ^ a b c d e Meakin 1906.
- ^ a b c d e Zipperstein 1982.
- ^ a b Herlihy 1973.
- ^ Department of Agriculture Ministry of Crown Domains for the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago (1893), The Industries of Russia: Agriculture and Forestry, vol. 3, St. Petersburg
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Leading Libraries of the World: Russia and Finland". American Library Annual. New York: R.R. Bowker Co. 1916. pp. 477–478.
- ^ Koch 1855.
- ^ "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1880. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590436.
- ^ "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469.
- ^ "Aged Beauty Gets a Face Lift From a Geologist". New York Times. 1 November 1999.
- ^ a b "Odessa". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Archived from the original on 15 October 2014.
- ^ "История Одесского трамвая" [History of the Odesa tram] (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2 November 2017.
- ^ "Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- ^ Pope, Stephen; Wheal, Elizabeth-Anne (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. p. 523+. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
- ^ Ceranka, Paweł; Szczepanik, Krzysztof (2020). Urzędy konsularne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 1918–1945. Informator archiwalny (in Polish). Warszawa: Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych. p. 292. ISBN 978-83-65681-93-5.
- ^ Deportacje ludności polskiej do Kazachstanu w 1936 roku. Zarys historyczny (in Polish). Warszawa: Kancelaria Senatu. 2016. p. 37.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
- ^ Barry, Ellen (1 April 2013). "New York Times".
- ^ Morton, Henry W.; Stuart, Robert C., eds. (1984). The Contemporary Soviet City. New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-87332-248-5.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Derks, Thea (1998). "Odessa". Tempo. New Series, No. 206.
- ^ "Odessa Mayor". Odessa City Council. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009.
- ^ "Odessa Mayor". Odessa City Council. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011.
- ^ "Ukraine Crisis: Timeline". BBC News. 13 November 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ "Будівництво бази Військово-морських Сил України в Одесі" [Construction of the Ukrainian Navy base in Odesa]. Український мілітарний портал (in Ukrainian). 19 March 2017. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2020, United Nations
Bibliography
- Published before 1950
- Dearborn, H. A. S. (1819), "Odesa", A Memoir on the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Sea, Boston: Wells & Lilly
- Sicard, Charles (1819), An Account of Odesa, Newport, R.I., USA: Printed by William Simons, OL 24661988M
- Bremner, Robert (1840), "Odesa", Excursions in the interior of Russia (2nd ed.), London: H. Colburn
- "Odesa", Hand-book for Northern Europe; including Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia (New ed.), London: John Murray, 1849
- de Demidoff, Anatole (1853), "Odesa", Travels in southern Russia and the Crimea, London: J. Mitchell, OCLC 14437725
- Alden, Henry Mills; Allen, Frederick Lewis; Hartman, Lee Foster; Wells, Thomas Bucklin (1854). "The Steppes, Odessa, and the Crimea". Harper's New Monthly Magazine.
- Koch, Charles W. (1855), The Crimea: with a visit to Odessa, London: Routledge, OCLC 12097882, OL 23534204M
- "Odesa". Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland (2nd ed.). London: John Murray. 1868.
- McCulloch, John Ramsay (1877), "Odesa", in Reid, Hugh G. (ed.), A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., hdl:2027/njp.32101079877088 – via Hathi Trust
- Meakin, Annette M. B. (1906). "Odessa". Russia, Travels and Studies. London: Hurst and Blackett. OCLC 3664651.
- Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch; Bealby, John Thomas (1910). "Odessa" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). pp. 3–4.
- Curtis, William Eleroy (1911). "Odesa". Around the Black Sea. New York: Hodder & Stoughton. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3222tf2d.
- Wood, Ruth Kedzie (1912). "Odesa". The Tourist's Russia. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. OCLC 526774.
- "Odesa". Russia. Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1914. OCLC 1328163.
- Published since 1950
- Dzhumyga, Ievgen. "The Home Front In Odessa During The Great War (July 1914–February 1917): The Gender Aspect Of The Problem." Danubius 31 (2013):pp 223+ online
- Herlihy, Patricia (1973). "Odessa: Staple Trade and Urbanization in New Russia". Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas. Neue Folge, Bd. 21.
- Zipperstein, Steve J. (1982). "Jewish Enlightenment in Odessa: Cultural Characteristics, 1794-1871". Jewish Social Studies. 44 (1): 19–36. JSTOR 4467153.
- Herlihy, Patricia. "The ethnic composition of the city of Odessa in the nineteenth century." Harvard Ukrainian Studies 1.1 (1977): 53–78.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Odessa.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Odesa".
- New York Public Library. Images related to Odesa, various dates.
Images
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Map of Odesa region, 1809 -
Odesa, 1830s -
Odesa, 1850s -
Port Practique, Odessa, ca.1890s -
Unveiling of Catherine II monument, 1900 -
Odesa, 1917
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1 Disputed statehood — partial international recognition, but considered by most countries to be Georgian territory. | |
