Čarvaka

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Čarvaka, takođe poznata kao Lokāyata, je drevna škola indijskog materijalizma.[1] Smatra se jednim primerom ateističkih škola u hinduističkoj tradiciji.[а][3][б][5][в] Čarvaka drži direktnu percepciju, empirizam i uslovno zaključivanje kao prave izvore znanja, prihvata filozofski skepticizam i odbacuje ritualizam.[4][6][7][8][9] On je bio popularan sistem verovanja u staroj Indiji.[г]

Filozof Brihaspati se tradicionalno naziva osnivačem filozofije čarvaka ili Lokāyata, iako neki naučnici to osporavaju.[10][11] Tokom perioda hinduističke reformacije u prvom milenijumu pre nove ere, kada je budizam uspostavio Gautama Buda, a džainizam je reorganizovao Paršvanata.[12] Njena učenja su sastavljena iz istorijske sekundarne literature kao što su ona koja se nalazi u šastrama, sutrama i indijskoj epskoj poeziji.[13]

Reference

  1. ^ "some of the ancient Hindu traditions like Carvakas have a rich tradition of materialism, in general, other schools..."[2]
  2. ^ "Of the three heterodox systems, the remaining one, the Cārvāka system, is a Hindu system."[4]
  3. ^ For a general discussion of Charvaka and other atheistic traditions within Hindu philosophy, see Frazier 2013, стр. 367
  4. ^ "Aside from nontheistic schools like the Samkhya, there have also been explicitly atheistic schools in the Hindu tradition. One virulently anti-supernatural system is/was the so-called Charvaka school."
  1. ^ Seema Chishti (21. 8. 2018). „Indian rationalism, Charvaka to Narendra Dabholkar”. The Indian Express. CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
  2. ^ Thomas 2014, стр. 164–165.
  3. ^ Raman 2012, стр. 549–574.
  4. ^ а б Tiwari 1998, стр. 67.
  5. ^ Cooke 2006, стр. 84.
  6. ^ Perrett 1984, стр. 161–174.
  7. ^ Bhattacharya 2011, стр. 21–32.
  8. ^ Radhakrishnan & Moore 1957, стр. 187, 227–234.
  9. ^ Flint 1899, стр. 463.
  10. ^ Bhattacharya 2002.
  11. ^ Jeaneane Fowler (2015). A. C. Grayling, ур. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Humanism. John Wiley & Sons. стр. 114 with footnote 17. ISBN 978-1-119-97717-9. 
  12. ^ Quack 2011, стр. 50:See footnote 3
  13. ^ Balcerowicz, Piotr (2016), „Jayarāśi”, Ур.: Zalta, Edward N., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2016 изд.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, Приступљено 2020-07-08 

Literatura

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  • Bhattacharya, Ramakrishna (2002). „Cārvāka Fragments: A New Collection”. Journal of Indian Philosophy. 30 (6): 597—640. S2CID 169948463. doi:10.1023/A:1023569009490. 
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  • Bhattacharya, Ramkrishna (21. 8. 2011). „Materialism in India: A Synoptic View”. carvaka4india.com. Приступљено 2018-07-18. CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
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  • Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to HinduismНеопходна слободна регистрација. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
  • Frazier, Jessica (2013). „Hinduism”. Ур.: Bullivant, Stephen; Ruse, Michael. The Oxford Handbook of Atheism. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-964465-0. 
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Spoljašnje veze

Викицитат има цитате везане за чланак Čarvaka.
  • The Lokāyata, Nāstika and Cārvāka, Surendranath Dasgupta, 1940
  • Jayarāśi, a 9th-century Indian philosopher associated with Cārvāka / Lokāyata school, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2011)
  • Lokāyata/Cārvāka – Indian Materialism (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
  • Materialism in India: A Synoptic View Ramkrishna Bhattacharya
  • Bibliography: Carvaka/Lokayata secondary literature Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (20. децембар 2019), Karl Potter, University of Washington
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